In 1985 approximately 30% of the economically active population was employed in industry. 30% of the economically active population was employed in industry, 25% in agriculture. In 1990, 6.7 million people worked in public sector. About 1.1 million Yugoslavs worked in the public sector of national economy in 1990. 1.1 million Yugoslavs worked abroad, the number of unemployed in the country exceeded 1.2 million.

Industry

The industrial share in GDP in the late 1980s was 49%. GDP in the late 1980s was 49%. The leading role in industry belonged to mechanical engineering, which accounted for approx. of the total number of those employed in industry and the value of industrial output. An important role was the mining industry (mining of copper, lead, coal, oil, zinc, aluminum). Ore processing was carried out at the enterprises of the country. The ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, as well as textile, footwear and food industries developed.

Agriculture

The share of agriculture in GDP in the late 1980s was 14%. In the late 1980s, agriculture accounted for 14% of GDP. About. 17% of land accounted for public sector, which provides about half of commercial agricultural output. There were also 2.7 million individual farms. People grew wheat (6.3 million tons), corn (8 million tons), sugar beet (4.6 million tons), sunflower (344 thousand tons), plum (730 thousand tons), grapes (1.3 million tons), etc. (Data for 1988).

Foreign trade

Yugoslavia supported economic relations with 140 countries of the world. In 1989 the country’s exports totaled 13.4 billion U.S. dollars. U.S. dollars, imports – $14.8 billion. IT WAS CHARACTERIZED BY THE FOREIGN TRADE. Yugoslavia’s foreign trade was characterized by a chronic deficit, which, in turn, led to a balance of payments deficit. Exports were dominated by industrial products (94% – 1979): machinery, industrial equipment, electrical goods and vehicles. Raw materials, semi-finished products and consumer goods were also exported. Industrial goods accounted for 90% of imports. Raw materials, semi-finished products, machinery and equipment were also imported.

The main foreign trade partner was the Soviet Union ($4.9 billion – 1989). CMEA countries accounted for up to 30% of foreign trade turnover. Trade with Western countries also developed. About 26% of trade was with the West. Non-European countries accounted for 26% of trade turnover.

Energy

Yugoslavia had fuel reserves of coal, oil, natural gas, oil shale, uranium ore. In 1989 3.4 million tons of oil, 2.9 billion cubic meters of gas, 74.6 million tons of coal (including 0.3 million tons of hard coal) were produced. In the postwar period, the structure of consumption of energy resources has changed by reducing the share of coal and increase the share of oil. In 1975, the share of coal accounted for 43% (in 1939 – more than 90%), oil – 48%, hydropower – 5.5% and gas – 3.5%. Increase in power generation lagged behind the needs of the economy and consumption of the population.

Transport and Communication

Yugoslavia occupied an important transport and geographic position in southeast Europe, and its territory was widely used for international transit. In the late. The length of railroad lines was 9.3 thousand km (including 3.8 thousand km which were electrified), highways – 122 thousand km (73.5 thousand km with hard surface). There was a well developed merchant marine fleet (3.3 million gross tons). The length of navigable river routes exceeded 2,000 km. An air communication connected Belgrade and other large cities of Yugoslavia with many countries of the world.

Finances and Credit

The monetary unit of Yugoslavia was the dinar, consisting of 100 pairs. The budget system of the country since the 1950s consisted of independent budgets: the Union budget, republics, autonomous provinces, cities and communities. Of the total budget (121.5 billion dinars in 1977), the union budget accounted for 46%, the republics 25%, the provinces 6%, and the communes and towns 19%). 4% of funds were transferred to economic organizations and institutions of “common interest” (education, etc.) and to trust funds. The main sources of budget revenues were various taxes, customs duties and deductions from personal income. Budgetary funds of the federation were spent mainly on the maintenance of state bodies, defense needs, financing of certain activities in the national economy (subsidies, bonuses, capital investments, social security). Republican and provincial funds were used to finance education, health care, social security, maintenance of administrative bodies, as well as capital investment in the national economy.

Inflation in 1980s led to sharp devaluation of dinar. Implementation by the authorities of anti-inflationary policy led to internal convertibility of the dinar in 1990.

Tourism

Yugoslavia was one of favorite tourist and recreation places in Europe. In early 1980s more than 6 million foreign tourists a year visited the country. The Adriatic coast was the most visited area as well as cities of Belgrade, Zagreb and Ljubljana and others.